Base64 is a binary-to-text encoding scheme that represents binary data in an ASCII string format by translating it into a radix-64 representation. It is commonly used to encode binary data for transmission over media that is designed to deal with textual data.
When to use Base64 encoding: Base64 is commonly used when transferring binary data in environments that only support text, such as sending email attachments, storing complex data in JSON, or including binary data in XML files.